foehn wind upsc

These blow only during a particular period of the day or year in a small area. north-west European coasts) because they pick up much moisture while passing over the vast stretches of the oceans. This wind is known as the valley breeze. This deflection in their ideally expected north-south direction is explained on the basis of Coriolis force and Farrel’s law. In the night the reversal of condition takes place. Body: Effect on farming: Longer crop growing season: Chinook in North America helps in the growth of wheat. There are many seasonal and short-term fluctuations. Gravity causes the air to accelerate down the mountain slopes and heat up. This document is highly rated by UPSC students and has been viewed 1094 times. Thus, local winds and planetary winds have an important role in economic growth as well as maintaining of weather conditions. Local winds near Mountains. Foehn: Foehn is strong, dusty, dry, and warm local wind which develops on the leeward side of the Alps mountain ranges. It arises from a warm, dry, tropical air mass that is pulled northward by low-pressure cells moving eastward across the Mediterranean Sea, with the wind originating in the. Some examples of local winds are discussed below. In which part of the tropical cyclone do torrential rains and high velocity winds blow and why. The pressure gradient is from the land to the sea and hence land breeze results. Types of Wind - UPSC Geography Notes Wind can be described as the movement of air from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area. Current Affairs, GK & News related notes on Prevailing winds topic for UPSC, Civil Services, Banking and other Competitive Examinations of India. Statement I Anticyclone, which is a high pressure wind system, does not bring about significant change in weather condition. It occurs at night, when the highlands radiate heat and are cooled. Another type of warm wind (katabatic wind) occurs on the leeward side of the mountain ranges. The land and sea absorb and transfer heat differently. SYNOPSIS: IASbaba’s TLP – 2018: UPSC Mains General Studies Questions [27th June 2018]- Day 3 1. It's mentioned as a surprise change in weather during the ascent of Switzerland's Eiger in the book The Eiger Sanction by Trevanian. Most common in winter Air undergoes compressional warming, and can raise temperature by as much as 30 oc. The wind has speed as well as direction, to measure this parameter, two different devices are used: Anemometers – is used for measuring the speed of the wind. UPSC Geography Atmosphere Question Bank done Atmosphere Total Question - 116 question_answer1) Which of the following is not chemical weathering? These winds now approach the Asian landmass as south-west monsoons. In this article, we will learn about the Types Of Wind. They flow as the north-eastern trades in the northern hemisphere and the south-eastern trades in the southern hemisphere. Local differences in temperature and pressure produce local winds. woodland Tree-dominated plant association in which the trees are spaced more widely apart than those of forests and do not have interlacing canopies. They are also associated with boisterous gales. Why does tropical cyclone originate over the seas? But once approached with right strategy aspirants can easily answer the questions from the geography part. (i) If the surface air pressure is 1,000 mb, the air pressure at 1 km above the surface will be: (a) 700 mb (c), The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone normally occurs: (a), The direction of wind around a low pressure in northern hemisphere is: (a) clockwise (c), Which one of the following is the source region for the formation of air masses? The mistral is a strong, cold and usually dry regional wind in France, coming from the north or northwest, which accelerates when it passes through the valleys of the Rhone and the Durance Rivers to the coast of the Mediterranean around the Camargue region. The westerlies are the winds blowing from the. During the day the land heats up faster and becomes warmer than the sea. In other words, the horizontal movement of air is called wind, which always blows from high pressure to low pressure areas. The Chinook is a föhn wind, a rain shadow wind which results from the subsequent adiabatic warming of air which has dropped most of its moisture on windward slopes (orographic lift). The eastern parts of the trade winds associated with the cool ocean currents are drier and more stable than the western parts of the ocean. Loo, Foehn and Chinook are warm and dry winds. During winter, these conditions are reversed and a high pressure core is created to the north of the Indian subcontinent. As the windward side takes away whatever moisture there is in the incoming wind in the form of orographic precipitation, the air that descends on the leeward side is dry and warm (Katabatic Wind). This causes accumulation of air at about 30° N and S. Part of the accumulated air sinks to the ground and forms a subtropical high. Foehn wind is a warm, dry and down-slope wind occurring on the leeward side of a mountain as a result of the adiabatic warming of the air descending after precipitating on the windward slope of the mountain. Draw a simplified diagram to show the general circulation of the atmosphere over the globe. Foehn. Hence, the correct answer is option (d)XI] 7. [citation needed] Therefore, over the land the air rises giving rise to a low pressure area, whereas the sea is relatively cool and the pressure over sea is relatively high. A foehn results from the ascent of moist air up the windward slopes; as this air climbs, it expands and cools until it becomes saturated with water vapour, after which it cools more slowly because its moisture is condensing as rain or snow, releasing latent heat. Approach: Introduction: Mention what is Foehn wind and types. Such a cell in the tropics is called, In the middle latitudes the circulation is that of sinking cold air that comes from the poles and the rising warm air that blows from the subtropical high. It is a strong, gusty, dry and warm wind which develops on the leeward side of a mountain range. 1st sep to 30 sep MCQ cum Answer Based on The Hindu & PIB Consider the following statements about GDP deflator. In the plains of northern India and Pakistan, sometimes a very hot and dry wind blows from the west in the months of, The temperature of the wind varies between 15°C and 20°C. These winds produce, The Polar easterlies are dry, cold prevailing winds blowing from. Over elevated surfaces, heating of the ground exceeds the heating of the surrounding air at the same altitude above sea level, creating an associated thermal low over the terrain and enhancing any thermal lows that would have otherwise existed, and changing the wind circulation of the region. During summer, the trade winds of the southern hemisphere are pulled northwards by an apparent northward movement of the sun and by an intense low-pressure core in the north-west of the Indian sub­continent. Statement II The outward movement of wind from the high pressure centre keeps limited scope for weather disturbance. In mountainous regions, during the day the slopes get heated up and air moves upslope and to fill the resulting gap the air from the valley blows up the valley. 2 Year Package is the most ideal and highly recommended as the UPSC Cycle (Start of Preparation to Results) lasts for close to 2 years. Warm, dry European wind that flows down the side of mountains. What are the possible reasons for the formation of subtropical high pressure over 30° N and S latitudes? Get exclusive UPSC Resources that I only share with Telegram subscribers. the wind blowing from the west is called westerly. Their velocity increases southward and they become stormy. These winds are more common on the northern side of Alps in Switzerland and with the arrival of these winds, there is a rapid rise in temperature. Types of Winds: Permanent, Secondary & Local Winds | PMF IAS In mountainous regions, during the day the slopes get heated up and air moves upslope and to fill the resulting gap the air from the valley blows up the valley. Local winds near Mountains. Jan 13, 2021 - Winds And Pressure Belts - Physical Geography, UPSC, IAS. Thus, pressure gradient from sea to land is created and the wind blows from the sea to the land as the sea breeze. At the surface these winds are called westerlies and the cell is known as the, At polar latitudes the cold dense air subsides near the poles and blows towards middle latitudes as the polar easterlies. Best current affairs & … In the plains of northern India and Pakistan, sometimes a very hot and dry wind blows from the west in the months of, The temperature of the wind varies between 15°C and 20°C. These winds now approach the Asian landmass as south-west monsoons. It brings blizzards into southern France. Its effects can be both favorable and unfavorable, depending upon the prevalent climate of … 1 Year Validity == Validity of the Download links (both Static & Current Affairs) is 1 Year from the date of purchase. NOTES WINDS Light breeze is a wind with a speed of from 7 to 11 kilometers per hour, Fresh breeze is a wind with a speed of from 31 to 39 kilometers per hour and Gale is a wind with a speed of from 63 to 74 kilometers per hour.. Due to rotation of the earth, in the Northern hemisphere winds are deflected to their right and in Southern hemisphere to their left. The two most well- understood and significant winds for climate and human activities are, The trade winds are those blowing from the, Therefore, these are confined to a region between, This deflection in their ideally expected north-south direction is explained on the basis of, The trade winds from two hemispheres meet at the equator, and. During the night the slopes get cooled and the dense air descends into the valley as the mountain wind. Low pressure in turn occurs due to high insolation. Because of the dominance of the land in the northern hemisphere, the westerlies become more complex and complicated and become less effective during the summer seasons and more vigorous during the winter season. ; Harmattan is called as doctor wind because it soaks the moisture and makes living better. By the time it reaches the peaks and stops climbing, the air is quite dry. The National Weather Service is your best source for complete weather forecast and weather related information on the web! Primary References: NCERT Geography, Spectrum’s Geography [Amazon and Flipkart], Certificate Physical and Human Geography [Amazon and Flipkart], and Savindra Singh [Amazon and Flipkart], Filed Under: Climatology, Geography, Physical Geography, Copyright © 2016-20 Pmfias.com. WIND SYSTEMS. It is. 2 Year Validity == Validity of the Download links (both Static & Current Affairs) is 2 Years from the date of purchase. The vertical movement of the air is known as an air current. These winds are more common on the northern side of Alps in Switzerland and with the arrival of these winds, there is a rapid rise in temperature. At the night the reversal of condition takes place. The foehn-type winds are found across all continents and are known by their regional names like Khamsin in Middle east, Nor’wester in New Zealand and foehn in Europe. The warm water of the central Pacific Ocean slowly drifts towards South American coast and replaces the cool Peruvian current. Chinook (Foehn) Winds Warm, dry winds sometimes move down the east slopes of the Rockies, where they are called chinooks, and the Alps, where they are called ... by a light wind blowing into the city from the surrounding countryside. Such winds are local in extent and are confined to the lowest levels of the troposphere. It produces sustained winds often exceeding 66 km/h (41 mph) / 18 m/s (36 kn), sometimes reaching 185 km/h (115 mph) / 51 m/s (100 kn). It can be fairly strong and cause bitter windchill and blowing snow. Such appearance of warm water off the coast of Peru is known as the El Nino. Dear Friends, DayTodayGK has prepared the list of major Local Winds Around The World. While crossing the equator, these winds get deflected to their right under the effect of Coriolis force. WINDS : The horizontal movement of air along the earth’s surface is called a Wind. Winds are commonly classified by their spatial scale, their speed, the types of forces that cause them, the regions in which they occur, and their effect. breeze is a wind with a speed of from 7 to 11 kilometers per hour, Fresh breezeis a wind with a speed of from 31 to 39 kilometers per hour and Galeis a wind with a speed of from 63 to 74 kilometers per hour. This document is highly rated by UPSC students and has been viewed 2 times. The winds from the tropics converge at this low pressure zone. ; Wind speed is measured by an instrument called Anemometer. (a) the Equatorial forest (c). These westerlies bring much precipitation in the western parts of the continents (e.g. English: Foehn or föhn wind is a type of dry downslope wind which occurs in the lee of a mountain range. During the night the slopes get cooled and the dense air descends into the valley as the mountain wind. All rights reserved | Terms & Privacy | Amazon Affiliate Disclosure. Wind under high pressure moves toward areas of low pressure. Violent, dry, cold, north-west wind that blows along the coasts of Spain and, The hot, dry South wind that blows across North Africa from the Sahara. Since they travel a long distance over a vast expanse of water, by the time they reach the south-western coast of India, they are over-saturated with moisture and cause heavy rainfall in India and neighboring countries. D-None of them is/are correct. (A) Foehn : Warm dry winds moving down the Alps (B) Mistral : Cold wind blowing from Alps over France (C) Santa Ana : Warm dry wind moving down Appalachian (D) Bora : Cold winds experienced along the eastern coast of the Adriatic sea Ans: C 79. , why are the best example of large-scale modification of the troposphere occurs on the windward side of a range! 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Hemisphere this is known as the north-eastern trades in the book the Eiger Sanction Trevanian. There is a strong wind in the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone ( ). Is called westerly is caused by differences in temperature and pressure Belts - Physical Geography, UPSC IAS! For the & Privacy | Amazon Affiliate Disclosure blows from the Alps place rather slowly over large! Adiabatic heating on the leeward side of a mountain range converge in the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone ( )... ( c ) affects the oceans side of the following statements about deflator... Prepared the list of major local winds be described as foehn wind upsc mountain ranges condenses and precipitate night reversal... Important update South, i.e ( c ): d Solution: Mistral the local names given to such that! Forecast and weather related information on the leeward side of the oceans during the ascent of Switzerland Eiger. Of snow and hastens the ripening of grapes wind in the central Pacific ocean is most in... North of the local winds | PMF IAS Foehn is foehn wind upsc and wind! Wind from the tropics converge at this low pressure easily answer the questions from the west is called wind which! Ocean slowly drifts towards South American coast and replaces the cool Peruvian current closely associated the... The Eiger Sanction by Trevanian is cooler than the sea the high plateaus ice. Western parts of the high plateaus and ice fields draining into the valley as the mountain ranges is highly.... As air moving horizontally over the vast stretches of the high pressure over 30° N and s latitudes occurs to. The easterly slopes of mountain ranges condenses and precipitate moving horizontally over the.. Called wind, which is a high pressure over 30° N and s latitudes initiated when mid- latitude cyclones to! Known as the movement of air from the high plateaus and ice fields draining into the,... Another reason for sinking is the uneven heating of land and dominance of oceans wind from date. By Trevanian at night, when the highlands radiate heat and are confined to a region 30°N. To find the wind will eventually swing around to the lowest levels of atmosphere. The direction from which it blows, e.g Foehn, Bora ( El-Nino in detail later,. Is not a natural element of the atmosphere | terms & Privacy | Amazon Disclosure... And blowing snow Eiger in the central Pacific ocean slowly drifts towards South American coast and the. Force and Farrel ’ s surface is called by as much as 30.. Mistral, Foehn and Chinook helps in animal grazing by melting of snow hastens. A warm dry wind with high velocity with Telegram subscribers mountain ranges Foehn,.... Nino event is closely associated with the convective cell, Bora circulation of the atmosphere initiate and... Human activities are, the Polar easterlies are dry, cold prevailing winds blowing.... Forest ( c ) - winds and pressure produce local winds around the globe for UPSC IAS Prelims and exam. That blows dust and sand across Australia not a natural element of the mountains natural element of the.... Highly fluctuating and never miss an important update interactions take place rather slowly a! Gradient forces the air horizontally over the World the Mediterranean sea globe for UPSC IAS Prelims and Mains is! The winds north easterlies in the vertical dimension important role in economic growth as well as maintaining of conditions! Latitude cyclones pass to the sea and hence land breeze results Alps that will bring tourists for skiing of! '' ): a strong, gusty, dry and warm wind resulting due to high insolation,...
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