Complete ophthalmic history is important as coexisting ocular conditions, previous surgeries or trauma to the head or orbit may contribute to anisocoria. They are usually the same. Clinical experience of seropositive ganglionic acetylcholine receptor Causes of anisocoria range in seriousness from a normal, physiologic condition to one that is immediately life threatening. the finding of jesus in the temple reflection. Hydroxyamphetamine mydriasis in Horners syndrome. - Character 02:14 Nakane S, Higuchi O, Koga M, Question: Describe the appropriate steps to take in the emergency department when evaluating anisocoria. An injury or lesion in either pathway may result in changes in pupil size. Survey of ophthalmology 1976; 21(1):45-48. While 0.5-1% apraclonidine causes constriction of the normal pupil due to its strong -2 adrenergic activity, it causes reversal of anisocoria in Horners by moderately dilating the affected pupil that has undergone denervation supersensitivity (when supersensitivity is present, apraclonidines weak -1 agonist activity predominates) [20]. surgical destruction and removal of the crystalline lens in cataract removal, cf-phac/o-lens - 2500+ OSCE Flashcards: https://geekymedics.com/osce-flashcards/ pupil: Jimson weed mydriasis. Segmental palsy of the iris sphincter in Adies syndrome. This article will cover the causes and assessment ofanisocoria. Firestone D, Sloane C. Not your inequality in the size of the pupils. Its similar to the way you might see swelling in your body referred to as edema. Meeting Updates, Committee Highlights, N-O shortage, Grant Opportunities and other news! In the season 10 Big Bang Theory Comic-Con special, Steve Molaro told a story about how he first met actor. Anisocoria is a medical term for unequal pupil size. Anisocoria is unequal pupil sizes. Anisocoria is a common condition, defined by a difference of 0.4 mm or more between the sizes of the pupils of the eyes. The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Illustrated Manual of Ophthalmology. suffix-opia-sight, vision Arch Opthalmol 1960. The purpose of this process is to remove diseased or damaged cells from the body without causing harm to other cells. Physiologic anisocoria is often asymptomatic and does not require intervention. procedure that can correct nearsightedness, root-strabism-a squinting This should include checking accommodation and pupillary light reflexes, as well as slit-lamp examination. My Blog anisocoria medical terminology breakdown The term "nervous breakdown" is sometimes used by people to describe a stressful situation in which they're temporarily unable to function normally in day-to-day life. Therefore, assessment of the pupil should take place in both light and dark conditions. This information is produced and made available as is without warranty and for informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute, and should not be used as a substitute for, medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Get to know the basic word parts. Anisocoria can occur as a result of injury (e.g. As a result of General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), our. An eye doctor will be able to rule out any life-threatening conditions and perform a diagnosis. Your healthcare provider will diagnose anisocoria by looking at your eyes and performing a physical exam to check for other symptoms. Diagnosis and drooping of the upper eyelid. Central or first-order lesions are often caused by stroke, lateral medullary syndrome, neck trauma or demyelinating disease. Anisocoria is unequal pupil sizes. node js mysql query in a for loop; saudi arabia lashes punishment video; j frank wilson cause of death. Though many causes of anisocoria are benign and some people only notice some blurry vision and/or light sensitivity, it can be a sign of a serious and potentially life-threatening neurological problem. Underline each adverb, and draw an arrow from each adverb to the word it modifies. Anisocoria is composed of prefix, root and suffix: Thus, anisocoria means the condition of unequal pupil(s). How much does it cost to grind a 12 inch stump? Aberrant reinnervation and upregulation of postsynaptic receptors lead to the clinical presentation of a tonically dilated pupil with near stimulation and poor reactivity to light. Blint's syndrome is an uncommon and incompletely understood triad of severe neuropsychological impairments: inability to perceive the visual field as a whole ( simultanagnosia), difficulty in fixating the eyes ( oculomotor apraxia), and inability to move the hand to a specific object by using vision ( optic ataxia). mydriasis from blue nightshade lipstick. Modelo: Pongo la mesa. Scopolamine patch-induced unilateral mydriasis. TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@geekymedics Patients: Download as PDF Talk to your provider about what you should expect if your childs pupils are different sizes at birth. Thompson HS. Old photographs may provide information since symptoms may not exist or go unnoticed. Goldstein JE. Anisocoria is a medical term for unequal pupil size. These nerves travel along the 3rd cranial nerve, which comes from the brainstem near the back of your brain and travels forward to your eye. Accidental With anisocoria, the larger pupil lets more light enter the eye. ; Combining form: a root with a vowel attached to it, most commonly the letter O.This vowel is known as the combining vowel because it combines the root with the rest of the term. Physiological anisocoria occurs in up to 20% of the population but the exact cause is unknown.2, Clinical examination should demonstrate a difference of less than 1mm between pupil size which typically remains the same in both light and dark conditions.3. Anisocoria is a term derived from two Greek words, " aniso -" meaning unequal, "kore" meaning pupil, and a Latin suffix "ia" meaning abnormal condition. It is characterised by a poor or absent light reflex and an intact but slow accommodation reflex (light-near dissociation).4. This study aimed to determine the level of awareness on the early diagnosis and management of Alzheimer's disease among primary care physicians and interns in Denizli, Turkey. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2007; 7:417-422. suffix-ptosis-prolapse, drooping. This page was last edited on 31 August 2022, at 23:58. It also supplies the levator palpebrae superioris, which raises the upper eyelid. Chronic anisocoria without associated symptoms may point to a benign process such as physiologic anisocoria, whereas sudden-onset anisocoria in the setting of other symptoms may be more worrisome. Common ocular effects reported to a poison control center after If anisocoria is the first sign of a more serious condition, the treatment youll need depends on whats causing the anisocoria. turing in outward of one or both eyes, disease characterized by increased intraocular pressure; occurs when the aqueous humor is blocked and drains too slowly form the anterior chamber, disrupts proper function of the optic nerve, cf-goni/o-angle suffix-graphy-recording in antimetropia) or it may be part of a syndrome, the most common being those of Adie's and Horner's. iridocyclitis), diseases of the iris, paralysis of the third nerve, angle-closure glaucoma, systemic diseases (e.g. - PSA Question Pack: https://geekymedics.com/psa-question-bank/ Causes include Horners syndrome, Argyll Robertson pupil, iritis, mechanical anisocoria, and pharmacologic anisocoria from miotics, narcotics, or insecticides. Thats why you should talk to your provider as soon as you notice any changes in your eyes or vision. Patients presenting with an acute history of Horners syndrome with neck pain and dysphagia require an urgent MRI neck to investigate for carotid artery dissection. Diabetic opthalmopegia with special reference to the pupil. External eye structures should be examined for associated ocular manifestations. anisocoria medical terminology breakdown. Both anisocoria and Horners syndrome can be caused by serious, life-threatening conditions like a stroke, brain aneurysm or some cancers. A collection of communication skills guides, for common OSCE scenarios, including history taking and information giving. Pathologic anisocoria occurs due to an underlying disease or condition. Considerations Slight differences in pupil sizes are found in up to 1 in 5 healthy people. et al. This information was developed collaboratively by the Patient Information Committee of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society. Dinslage S, Diestelhorst M, In other cases, they may recommend treatments for your symptoms, which could involve eye drops or nothing at all. Anisocoria is characterized by a difference in pupil sizes. The anterior chamber can be examined for signs of iritis or uveitis. Always adhere to medical school/local hospital guidelines when performing examinations or clinical procedures. Some are temporary, but some can be life-threatening. The Academy uses cookies to analyze performance and provide relevant personalized content to users of our website. Loewenfeld IE. Pre means "before." Prefixes may also indicate a location, number, or time. Therefore, an oculomotor nerve palsy presents as a down and out gaze and ptosis, occasionally accompanied by mydriasis of the pupil. Normally our pupils are relatively the same size. CRITICAL THINKING 2 Chapter 46 Answers REVIEW QUESTIONSCONTENT REVIEW The correct answers are in boldface. Use vesic/o (bladder) to build words that mean: pertaining to the bladder and urethra _________. Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/geekymedics https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/anisocoria-5, https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6cc5cm7, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0), https://eyewiki.org/w/index.php?title=Anisocoria&oldid=89277. Please note we have made every effort to ensure the content of this is correct at time of publication, but remember that information about the condition and drugs may change. Root: the essential meaning of the word. Management of anisocoria varies depending on the etiology. Look Forward to NANOS 2023 and its Virtual Platform! Victor, Maurice and Allan H. Ropper. Anisocoria itself does not cause symptoms. recording of intraocular pressure used in detecting glaucoma, root-trich-hair If you'd like to support us and get something great in return, check out our awesome products: You don't need to tell us which article this feedback relates to, as we automatically capture that information for you. The pupil may remain large or gradually shrink in size over several years. Epidemiology. Usually, one of your pupils will be different enough from the other that you can notice it in a mirror. The affected eye can often appear deviated toward the ear and slightly downward. This video demonstrates how to use the SOCRATES acronym when taking a history of pain or other symptoms. #geekymedics #fyp #fypviral #studytok #medicalstudentuk #medtok #studytips #studytipsforstudents #medstudentuk #premed #medschoolfinals, Cardiovascular History Tips - DON'T FORGET these 3 things . Anticholinergics such as atropine, homatropine, tropicamide, scopolamine, and cyclopentolate lead to mydriasis and cycloplegia by inhibiting parasympathetic M3 receptors of the pupillary sphincter and ciliary muscles. Congenital, traumatic and surgical causes of anisocoria will often be associated with other structural defects. 1. Sympathomimetics, such as adrenaline, clonidine, and phenylephrine, cause mydriasis through their actions at -1 receptors of the pupillary dilator muscle. I've known I'm trans for about a year, but I still haven't told anyone. The Paredrine test refers to using 1% hydroxyamphetamine eye drops to differentiate between preganglionic and postganglionic causes of Horners. See your provider or go to the ER right away if one of your pupils is bigger than the other. If a person's pupils are symmetric there is said to be isocoria. The exact cause is unknown, but it is thought to be due to transient asymmetric supranuclear inhibition of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus that controls the pupillary sphincter [4]. It depends on whats causing your anisocoria. Right Adie tonic pupil. Differentiate prefixes that deal with body parts, color, and direction. Each clinical case scenario allows you to work through history taking, investigations, diagnosis and management. Geeky Medics accepts no liability for loss of any kind incurred as a result of reliance upon the information provided in this video. broyhill castillo electric fireplace console 72; cheap land for sale florida. Your doctor may order scans of your head and body, such as MRIs and/or CTs. A diagnosis of Horners can be confirmed by administering 0.5% apraclonidine (alpha-2 agonist) eye drops which will dilate the miotic pupil and correct the anisocoria.5. Curr Opin Moeller JJ, Maxner CE. This typically represents a disruption of the parasympathetic nervous system. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. reaction of the human eye. Patients and other members of the general public should always seek the advice of a physician or other qualified healthcare professional regarding personal health or medical conditions. You might also be interested in our awesome bank of 700+ OSCE Stations. The sympathetic pathway is a three-order neuron pathway that mediates pupillary dilation. root-opt-eye Anisocoria is an important exam finding that can be detected by an astute clinician who performs a careful and methodical pupillary exam. In this setting, one to two drops of 4-10% cocaine is administered to both eyes and evaluated after 30 to 45 minutes. This is because a hemorrhage, tumor or another intracranial mass can enlarge to a size where the third cranial nerve (CN III) is compressed, which results in uninhibited dilatation of the pupil on the same side as the lesion.[8]. - Onset 01:48 Mechanical anisocoria is an acquired defect that results from damage to the iris or its supporting structures. coiling of the aneurysm). Compressive lesions from head trauma, intracranial aneurysms, uncal herniation, and tumors typically involve the pupil as they affect the superficial parasympathetic fibers that innervate the pupil. Patients with isolated traumatic brain injury (iTBI) are known to have coagulopathy, but no previous studies have examined the gender differences in detail. Old face photographs of patients often help to diagnose and establish the type of anisocoria. Affecting up to 20% of the population, anisocoria is often entirely harmless, but can be a sign of more serious medical problems. Gastro - stomach Enter - intestines Itis - Inflammation Through this breakdown, we can understand that Gastroenteritis means inflammation of the stomach and small intestine. Courtesy of Dr. Valerie Biousse, M.D. - 700+ OSCE Stations: https://geekymedics.com/osce-stations/ (2000). The slit-lamp examination can provide additional information for associated or coexisting ocular conditions. When a patient presents with anisocoria, the fear of a serious condition, such as an intracranial aneurysm, often leads clinicians to obtain numerous tests, which are not always necessary. Web Site Available at. This phenomenon results due to disturbances in the efferent pathway dynamics. Lam BL, Thompson HS, Corbett JJ. Horners syndrome is a rare genetic condition that affects the tissue around your eyes. A pupil that is chemically dilated or constricted will return to normal size and function as the chemical wears off. inflammation of the cornea, degeneration of the macular area of the retina, an area important in the visualization of fine details, mi/o-less small Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Trans. Horners syndrome (oculosympathetic palsy) is classically described by the triad of ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis, although clinical presentations may vary. Even if it turns out that youre having a short-term reaction, you should always take any changes in your eyes seriously and have them checked out by a provider right away. Go to the emergency room if one pupil is bigger than the other and you experience any of the following: You might have symptoms outside your eyes too, including: Depending on whats causing the anisocoria, you might have no symptoms. Major revisions are performed on a periodic basis. It is relatively common, and causes vary from benign physiologic anisocoria to potentially life-threatening emergencies. anisocoria medical terminology breakdownsecond hand dance costumes. Est en el comedor. Word Roots A root is the foundational element of any medical term. Izadi S, Choudhary A, Newman Thus, thorough clinical evaluation is important for the appropriate diagnosis and management of the underlying cause. Unequal pupils. The latest in prevention, diagnostics and treatment options for a wide spectrum of eye conditions - from the routine to the complex. Anisocoria. The 3rd cranial nerve also controls the muscles that move your eyes up, down, and in, as well as open your eyelid. One of the pupils may be larger or smaller. It may be physiological (e.g. The root provides the core meaning of the . suffix-ia-condition Visit your healthcare provider or go to the emergency room right away if you notice any changes in your eyes or vision, including if your pupils are irregularly sized. Pupil may be oval-shaped or shows segmental constriction Unilateral in 80% of cases. root-trop-turn inflammation of the hair follicles and glands along the edges of the eyelids. Root: central part of a word. vw golf door lock problems. 74 terms. Impaired light reaction in the setting of a normal near reaction may suggest Adies tonic pupil or Argyll Robertson pupil of syphilis. Normally, in dim light (such as at night), the pupil dilates (opens) to let in more light to the eyes. life-threatening, including Horner's syndrome (which may be due to carotid artery dissection) and oculomotor nerve palsy (due to a brain aneurysm, uncal herniation, or head trauma). Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. The pupil on the affected side is abnormally small (miosis) and the upper eyelid will droop (ptosis). Download to iPhone, iPad, and Android. prefix-an-lack of 2 suffixes that have more than one meaning, HLTH 125 Ch 10 combining forms of the blood a, Cole Conlin, Elizabeth Millan, Max Ehrsam, Parthena Draggett, Betsy Kerr, Guy Spielmann, Mary Rogers, Tracy D.Terrell, Albert Valdman, Cathy Pons, Mary Ellen Scullen, Chez Nous: Branch Sur le Monde Francophone, Albert Valdman, Cathy Pons, Katherine Mueller, Mary Ellen Scullen, Paula Bouffard. The etiology of anisocoria is complex, ranging from benign to potentially life-threatening causes. When focusing on the finger up close, the right pupil constricts normally (arrow). Isolated anisocoria is often asymptomatic, though mydriasis may cause glare, photosensitivity, and impaired accommodation. - Associated symptoms 03:04 Define death , enumerate the early postmortem changes with details 2. No products in the cart. Preganglionic or second-order neuron lesions may be caused by a Pancoast tumor, mediastinal or thyroid mass, cervical rib, neck trauma, or surgery. It's similar to the way you might see swelling in your body referred to as edema. Go to the emergency room right away if your pupils are different sizes and you experience any of the following symptoms at the same time: Anisocoria can be a sign that something inside your body is seriously wrong. ED Concerns: apical lung lesion, carotid artery dissection, cerebral aneurysm, intracranial mass lesion ED Evaluation: Determine if the anisocoria is more pronounced in the light or in the dark by measuring the pupil diameters under these 2 conditions. The prevalence of transient physiological anisocoria of >0.4 mm is found in up to 20% population. 2014. For example, hypothermia has the prefix hypo- (meaning below normal), the root therm (heat or warmth), and the suffix -ia (condition). Causes of anisocoria range from benign (normal) to life-threatening conditions. suffix-opia-sight Join the Geeky Medics community: See table Some Common Causes of Anisocoria for other causes of anisocoria. root-scler-hardening No matter whats causing your pupils to be irregularly sized, you should see your provider as soon as possible. - Examples 05:45 Horners syndrome). Slattery A, Liebelt E, 5. pertaining to an agent that causes the pupil to contract, root-nyctal-night In bright light (such as sunlight), the pupil constricts to make the pupils smaller, which decreases the amount of light getting into the eye. 3rd Cranial Nerve Palsy: An Abnormally Large Pupil. Origin of anisocoria 1900-05; aniso- + Greek kr ( ) pupil + -ia Words nearby anisocoria anisette, Anishinaabe, aniso-, anisocarpic, anisocercal, anisocoria, anisodactyl, anisodactylous, anisogamete, anisogamous, anisogamy Prefixes modify or enhance the meaning of the term's root by indicating number, location, time or modifying the root's meaning. 2 Clinical examination should demonstrate a difference of less than 1mm between pupil size which typically remains the same in both light and dark conditions. 2016 Nov;27(6):486-492. clinical features of trigemino-autonomic headaches. Adies pupil is a benign condition typically affecting young women, possibly secondary to viral or bacterial infection affecting the ciliary ganglion. While some of these medications are intentionally used in the eye, sometimes these medications or chemicals are accidentally rubbed into the eye from your skin, usually by your finger. suffix-ia-condition The size of the pupil determines how much light is let into the eye. Anisocoria is usually a benign finding, unaccompanied by other symptoms (physiological anisocoria). elementary school yearbooks california. Check out our other awesome clinical skills resources including: Tell your healthcare provider about any changes in your eyes or vision. - Severity 05:32 All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. It is crucial for providers to be aware of the diagnostic steps to narrow a differential for anisocoria, as it can be a harbinger of treatable but life-threatening conditions. June 12, 2022 Advertising on our site helps support our mission. QUICK LINKS:Practice Support Tools | Patients | Find a Neuro-Ophthalmologist| NOVEL | YONO Portal | Our Journal | Fellowships, #LookForwardtoNANOS2023 #NANOSinOrlando #NANOS2023. Spinal cord injury (SCI) damages multiple structures at the lesion site, including ascending, descending, and propriospinal axons; interrupting the conduction of information up and down the spinal cord. A careful history to elucidate the onset and chronicity of anisocoria may be useful for determining its etiology. In Horner's syndrome sympathetic nerve fibers have a defect, therefore the pupil of the involved eye will not dilate in darkness. suffix-opia-sight Etiology of Anisocoria The most common cause of anisocoria is Physiologic (present in about 20% of people): The difference between pupil sizes in physiologic anisocoria is typically about 1 mm. root-blephar/o-eyelid. Adies tonic pupil results from damage to the parasympathetic ciliary ganglion or short ciliary nerves that innervate the sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscle. Check out our NEW & IMPROVED quiz platform at geekyquiz.com, To be the first to know about our latest videos, subscribe to our YouTube channel , Anisocoria refers to the unequal size of pupils and can be a physiological phenomenon. One pupil may be bigger than normal, or one pupil may be smaller than normal, resulting in unequal pupils. Right 3rd cranial nerve palsy. Here, the abnormal pupil will be unable to constrict in the light and will appear dilated (mydriatic). Anisocoria can be caused by a lot of conditions in your body, injuries, traumas and even some medicines. J Emerg Med 2007; Horner's syndrome is a rare genetic condition that affects the tissue around your eyes. opacity of the crystalline lens or its capsule. Normally our pupils are relatively the same size. Because some forms of anisocoria may be present for years before it is noticed, your doctor may ask you to provide old pictures to determine how long you have had the problem. inflamed eye condition caused by foreign material, Opthamology - Special Senses Med Term List 1, Combining Forms, Prefixes, Suffixes for Chapt, Chapter 7: Words, suffixes, and prefixes rela, HLTH 125 Ch 9 combining forms of the cardio s, Ch. Apraclonidine, a strong -2 and weak -1 agonist, is a more readily available alternative to cocaine. Horner syndrome does not damage the eye or cause vision loss. This distinction isnt as important as getting your symptoms evaluated right away. Some issues like migraines or reactions to medications will resolve themselves on their own. The most obvious way anisocoria affects your body is one of your pupils is bigger than the other. Emmetropia=emmetr-in proper measure, opia=vision condition 3. "Anisocoria." Cornpickers acetylcholine receptor in Japanese patients. Although these problems can be serious, they may improve with treatment (inflammation), without treatment (microvascular ischemia), or slowly worsen over time (tumor). Anisocoria is a condition characterized by unequal pupil sizes. Although there are benign causes that do not usually need treatment, it is important to find out what is causing the Horner syndrome because it may be a sign of a life-threatening condition, such as stroke, lung, chest or brain tumor, or break in the wall of the carotid artery (carotid dissection). By . "Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology, 7th ed." suffix-al-pertaining to The abnormal pupil can be identified by its failure to dilate in the dark thereby appearing constricted (miotic).3, These pupils typically represent a disruption of the sympathetic nervous system (e.g. Ophthalmol 2014; 25:519-523. Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/geekymedics This is a life-threatening medical emergency because the aneurysm can break open and bleed into the brain. Damage to the 3rd cranial nerve can result in a dilated pupil, droopy eyelid and double vision (when the 2 lid is lifted) because the eye does not move normally. Copyright 2021. They can shrink or enlarge to regulate the amount of light entering the eye. Maintaining good overall health is the best way to make sure your body can function at its best. anisocoria inequality of pupil size. The use of pilocarpine, a non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist in the parasympathetic nervous system, may result in a small and poorly reactive pupil. Etiology 1978;96(9):1615-1620. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. If you have no other symptoms and your provider rules out any serious underlying conditions you probably wont need any treatment. 4th Edition. Anisocoria. suffix-us-structure The management of Horners syndrome depends on the underlying cause and the patient will require further investigation (e.g. It's commonly understood to occur when life's demands become physically and emotionally overwhelming. When this affects one side, the pupil sizes may be unequal. Pe- diatrics 1995; 96 (3 75 terms. Anisocoria 0.5mm but typically <1mm Degree of anisocoria remains relatively constant in light and dark conditions Tonic (Adie's) pupil Affected pupil larger than normal, with decreased response to light but preserved or enhanced near response. Accommodation to near stimuli should also be examined as light-near dissociation. Visit your provider or go to the emergency room if you notice one of your pupils is suddenly larger than the other. Generally, anisocoria is caused by impaired dilation (a sympathetic response) or impaired constriction (a parasympathetic response) of pupils. Am J Ophthalmol 1990; 110(1):71-6. Is a dismness of vision or the partial loss of sight in one eye, Is any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina, Is a condition in which the pupils are unequal in size, Is a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea, Is the use of an audiometer to measure hearing acuity, Is the loss of transparency of the lens that causes a progressive loss of visual clarity, Is a nodule or cyst usually on the upper eyelid caused by obstruction in a sebaceous gland, Is an electronic device that bypasses the damaged portions of the ear and directly stimulates the audiotory nerve, Is an inflammation of the lacrimal gland caused by a bacterial viral or fungal infection, Is the eversion of the edge of the eyelid, Is the normal relationship between the refractive power of the eye and the shape of the eye that enables lights, Is the inversion of the edge of an eyelid, Is a radiographic study of the blood vessels in the retina of the eye following the intravenous injection of a fluorescein dye as a contrast medium, Is a group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that causes damage to the retina nerve fibers and the optic nerve, Is a blindness in one half of the visual field, Stye pus filled and often painful lesion on the eyelid, Is a contagious inflammation that causes painful blisters on the eardrum, Is the surgical removal of a portion of the tissue of the iris, Is the surgical removal of all or a portion of the labrinth, Is used to treat open angle glaucoma by creating openings in the trabecular mesh work to allow the fluid to drain properly, The dilation of the pupil is the opposite of miosis, Is a small surgical incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure from excess pus or fluid, Is an involuntary constant rhythmic movement of the eyeball that can be congenital or caused by a neurological injury or drug use, Holds a doctor of optometry degree and provides primary eye care, Is the ankylosis of the bones of the middle ear, Is swelling of the tissues surrounding the eye or eyes, Is the presence of what appears to be flashes or light, Is a gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs as the body ages, Is the condition of common changes in the eyes that occur with aging, Is the drooping of the upper eyelid that is usually due to paralysis, Is used to reattach the detached area in a retinal detachment, Is the surgical removal of the top portion of the stapes bone and the instertion of a small prosthetic device, Is a disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not alignment correctly, Is the partial or complete su turning together of the upper and lower eyelids to protect the eye when the lids are paralyzed, Commonly pronounced ringing buzzing or roaring, Is the measurement of intraocular pressure, Is a sense of whirling dizziness and loss of balance, Is the removal of the vireous humor and it's replacement with a clear solution, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Sports Medicine Essentials: Core Concepts in Athletic Training and Fitness Instruction, Ch 14 Infectious Disease Prevention & Control.